Sieve plate distillation experimental device is the most commonly used unit operation equipment for separating liquid mixture. Sieve plate tower is widely used in chemical industry, oil refining, petrochemical industry and other industries. Under the drive of the energy meter, the gas and liquid phases contact and separate directly for many times

1. Introduction

Sieve plate distillation experimental device is the most commonly used unit operation equipment for separating liquid mixture. Sieve plate tower is widely used in chemical industry, oil refining, petrochemical industry and other industries. In the process of fine gliding, driven by the energy meter, the two phases of gas and liquid are directly contacted and separated for many times. The volatile component is transferred from the liquid phase to the gas phase, and the difficult volatile component is transferred from the gas to the liquid phase. This process is a process of mass and heat transfer at the same time.

In this experiment, a sieve plate distillation with a certain capacity was designed to realize the separation of benzene and toluene. Benzene - toluene system is relatively easy to separate, to be treated liquid clean. Therefore, the sieve plate distillation experimental equipment was selected.

Sieve tray tower is also a kind of plate tower appeared very early. Since 1950s, a large number of industrial scale research has been carried out on sieve tray tower, and gradually mastered the performance of sieve tray tower, and formed a more perfect design method. Compared with bubble cap tower, sieve plate tower has the following advantages: production capacity (20%-40%) tray efficiency (10%-50%) and simple structure, tray cost reduced by about 40%, installation, maintenance are easier.

The main content of this design is the process of material balance, heat balance, process calculation, structural design and check.

2. Process description

(1) The raw material liquid is pumped through the storage tank to the heat exchanger for heat exchange with the kettle liquid. After the raw material is preheated, it is sent to another heat exchanger, and the cold liquid state is entered into the tower for separation.

(2) The steam at the top of the tower is extracted into the total condenser, and the circulating water is used to reduce the temperature so that it becomes liquid from gas, and then it is sent to the reflux tank. Part of it is returned to the tower by gravity reflux, and the other part is used as the top product to the condenser, which is cooled to room temperature by well water and then enters the storage tank.

(3) Sieve plate distillation experimental device after the kettle liquid is extracted, part of it is sent to the reboiler to turn into steam and return to the tower, and the other part is sent to the storage tank as the tower kettle products and raw materials after heat exchange.

(4) Supplementary explanation

① When the tower kettle product is produced, it can use its heat energy to preheat the raw material, which can save energy.

② The steam of the top product is condensed with circulating water, and the top product of the tower is cooled with well water (15℃).

③ Gravity reflux is used for reflux.

Structure and Performance analysis of heterogeneous separation Apparatus

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